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Metallic carbon nanotube-based saturable absorbers for holmium-doped fiber lasers

Maria Pawliszewska, Anna Dużyńska, Mariusz Zdrojek, and Jarosław Sotor

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

In 2003, carbon nanotubes opened a new field of research on nanomaterial-based mode-locked fiber lasers. They maintain popularity in the ultrafast laser community due to their broadband operation, relatively high damage threshold, and tunable optical properties. Here we show that metallic carbon nanotube-based thin film fabricated by vacuum filtration technique can be used as a saturable absorber in holmium-doped fiber laser operating in anomalous and normal dispersion regimes. Scaling the absorbers modulation depth by adjusting the film thickness was observed. The Fourier transform limited 6.65 nm wide optical solitons in anomalous dispersion regime were generated. Utilizing stretched-pulse regime greatly improves the laser performance - 212 fs pulses reach the energy of 3.79 nJ.

© 2019 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 SEM image of the m-SWCNT film with thickness 50 nm; scale bar represents 800 nm (a). VIS-IR absorbance spectrum of a 100 nm and 200 nm thick m-SWCNT film (b). Raman spectrum of the film shown on SEM image (c).

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Spatial linear transmission measured across the 100 nm (a) and 200 nm (b) thick m-SWCNT samples (measured with a 1 mm spatial step at the wavelength of 2080 nm).

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Power-dependent transmittance of a 100 nm (a), 200 nm (b), 300 nm (c) and 400 nm (d) CNT-SA. Squares - experimental data, red curve - theoretical fit.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Setup of the ring laser cavity (a). Performance of the laser operating in the solitonic regime with 400 nm thick CNT-SA and output coupling ratio of 30%: optical spectrum (b), radio frequency spectrum (c), and pulse autocorrelation (d).

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Output optical laser spectra measured over the course of 70 hours.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 Output optical spectrum evolution as a function of the net cavity dispersion (a). Optical spectrum (b), autocorrelation trace (c), repetition frequency and a radio frequency spectrum (d) of the laser with 70% output coupling ratio and −0.006 ps2 of the net cavity dispersion measured at the highest average output power of 84 mW.

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Tables (1)

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Table 1 Influence of the m-SWCNT film thickness on laser performance. CNT - film thickness, λc - central wavelength, FWHM - optical bandwidth, Frep - pulse repetition frequency, τ - pulse duration, Pp - pumping power, Pavg - average output power, E - pulse energy, TBP - time-bandwidth product. Output coupling ratio was fixed at 30%.

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