Abstract
During the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) process, when the two ${{\rm HE}_{11}}$ modes in the pump light and scattered light have different polarization states, between which is an angle $\theta$, the Brillouin gain spectrum characteristics in a microfiber are studied in detail. The difference of $\theta$ directly changes the generated optical force distribution. When ${0} \le \theta \le \pi /{2}$, for the ${{\rm TR}_{0n}}$ acoustic mode in forward SBS and the ${{\rm L}_{0n}}$ acoustic mode in backward SBS, the corresponding Brillouin gain values have a clear cosine-like functional relationship with $\theta$. Considering the change of optical force, the ${{\rm TR}_{0n}}$ and ${{\rm L}_{0n}}$ acoustic modes with symmetrical displacement distributions of center circles are the key features to realize the change of gain with $\theta$. The characteristics of gain value with $\theta$ may provide interesting theoretical enlightenment for Brillouin applications involving angles, such as Brillouin sensors and acousto-optic modulators.
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