Abstract
Thanks
to its rapid development in the last decades, image guided surgery (IGS) has
been introduced successfully in many modern operating rooms. Current IGS
systems provide their navigation information on a standard computer monitor.
Alternatively, one could enhance the direct sight of the physician by an
overlay of the virtual data onto the real patient view. Such in situ visualization methods have
been proposed in the literature for providing a more intuitive
visualization, improving the ergonomics as well as the hand-eye
coordination. In this paper, we first discuss the fundamental issues and the
recent endeavors in advanced display and visualization for IGS. We then
present some of our recent work comparing two navigation systems: 1) a
classical monitor based navigation and 2) a new navigation system we had
developed based on in situ visualization. As both
solutions reveal shortcomings as well as complementary advantages, we
introduce a new solution that combines both concepts into one hybrid user
interface. Finally, experimental results report on the performance of
several surgeons using an external monitor as well as a stereo video
see-through head-mounted display (HMD). The experiments consist of drilling
into a phantom in order to reach planted deep-seated targets only visible in
Computed Tomography (CT) data. We evaluate several visualization techniques,
including the new hybrid solution, and study their
influence on the performance of the participant
surgeons.
© 2008 IEEE
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