Abstract
A flow injection sampling system to analyze dilute aqueous solutions by surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) is described, and critical operating parameters are evaluated. A simple procedure for preparing a silver colloid, which is more homogeneous, stable, and SERS-active than that previously reported and does not require sedimentation, is presented. With the use of crystal violet (CV) as a model analyte, the flow injection system, a Raman micro-probe, and an optical multichannel analyzer (OMA) for detection, high-quality, highly reproducible (coefficient of variation = ±2.37% of mean) Raman spectra for 1 × 10<sup>−6</sup> M solutions of CV were obtained in 1 min, and major spectral peaks were observable down to concentrations of 1 × 10<sup>−12</sup> M (~4 × 10<sup>−19</sup> g of material). SERRS enhancement and spectral quality were experimentally found to vary significantly with the method of Ag sol preparation and laser excitation wavelength. The system described can rapidly (1-240 s) provide quantitative as well as structural information about very dilute aqueous solutions.
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