Abstract
The optical waveguides in neodymium-doped gadolinium gallium garnet crystal are fabricated, to our knowledge for the first time, by either or ion implantation. The reconstructed refractive index profiles of the planar waveguides have shown, in both cases, the typical distributions. The two-dimensional modal profiles of the channel waveguides, obtained by using an end-face coupling arrangement, are in good agreement with the simulated modal distributions. After moderate thermal annealing at , the propagation loss of the H- and C-ion-implanted channel waveguides are reduced down to and , respectively, which exhibits acceptable guiding qualities for applications on potential integrated laser generation.
© 2010 Optical Society of America
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