Abstract
An exact scalar wave analysis of a directional coupler obtained by coupling two identical graded-index waveguides having exponential profiles is given. This analysis has been used to study the validity of the widely used coupled-mode theory for studying such problems. The study shows that coupled-mode theory indeed leads to very good results for weak coupling but may lead to quite inaccurate results for sufficiently strong coupling.
© 1981 Optical Society of America
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