Abstract
Rogue waves, firstly observed in the oceanic waves, have attracted much attention in recent years. Recently, the investigations of rogue waves have been directed to the field of optics [1-2]. It is because that the rogue waves generated in optical field offers several advantages such as faster evolution of optical waves and higher number of events that can be recorded in a reasonable amount of time. As we know, the passively mode-locked fiber lasers are suitable for observing various nonlinear phenomena of soliton pulses due to its nonlinear dissipative feature. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that the rogue waves could be observed in passively mode-locked fiber laser by virtue of fast interactions among the generated multiple soliton pulses. On the other hand, graphene, a typical two-dimensional nanomaterial, has attracted much interest in the ultrafast laser community due to its excellent saturable absorption characteristics [3]. Apart from the saturable absorption ability, graphene was also found to possess a giant nonlinear refractive index [4]. In particular, the microfiber-based graphene saturable absorber (GSA) could be employed as highly nonlinear SA by extending the interaction length between the graphene and propagation light via evanescent field, which is very beneficial for generation of multi-pulse in fiber laser [5]. Therefore, it would be curious to see whether rogue waves could be generated in a fiber laser with microfiber-based GSA via soliton interactions. In this work, we reported on the observation of rogue waves in a fiber laser mode-locked by the microfiber-based GSA. It was found that under a low pump power level, the rogue waves could be easily observed from our fiber laser. The results would further reveal the fundamental physics of rogue waves originating from multi-pulse interactions.
© 2015 IEEE
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